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 reported a greater prevalence of specific comorbidities—namely, autoimmune conditions, allergies, and asthma—compared to the general population.

“Over two-thirds of respondents reported having at least one autoimmune condition (e.g., psoriasis, RA, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic urticaria, lupus, and psoriatic arthritis), allergy (e.g., medication, pollen, and pets/dander), or asthma, with many of the respondents reporting at least two of these conditions,” wrote investigators, led by Paul K. Keith, from the department of medicine at McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada.

Hereditary angioedema (HAE), a rare, potentially life-threatening genetic disorder, is characterized by swelling, most frequently involving the face, airways, extremities, genitals, gastrointestinal tract, and mesenteric structures. HAE often faces diagnostic challenges.

spoke with Timothy Craig, DO, from Penn State, about HAE diagnosis challenges at the 

2025 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology (AAAAI) 

annual meeting in San Diego, who said that a main limitation of diagnosing this disorder is recognition—or rather, the lack thereof.

 A patient may go into the emergency room for abdominal pain and the ER doctors may think they are just seeking narcotics; or, if they have swelling in the face, they might receive unnecessary surgery.

Thus, due to the challenges of HAE diagnosis, it is important to understand the prevalent comorbidities in this rare disorder. Investigators recognized the need to identify HAE’s comorbidities and how they may affect HAE treatment.

Keith and colleagues sought to identify comorbidities and assess their prevalence in patients with HAE compared to the general Canadian population. The team conducted the study via a quantitative self-administered anonymous online questionnaire from October 13, 2022, to January 11, 2023.

The sample included 123 participants (81% female; mean age 44.9 years) who had HAE and were enrolled in the CSL Behring patient support program. Participants received the following HAE treatments: C1-esterase inhibitor (subcutaneous or intravenous), lanadelumab, icatibant, danazol, and tranexamic acid.

By HAE type, there were 60% with HAE-1/HAE-2, 25% with HAE Normal C1-INH (nC1-INH), and 16% who were unsure of their HAE type. A large percentage of participants were on long-term prophylaxis (85%).

More than half (69%) of participants reported having either an autoimmune condition, asthma, or allergy. Participants with HAE reported a greater prevalence in autoimmune conditions, such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic urticaria, lupus, and psoriatic arthritis, compared to the general population (31% vs 5 – 8%).

“One of the explanations for this has been that the reduction of early complement components, specifically C4, in HAE patients, could affect the clearance of immune complexes, and immune regulation, which may in turn lead to autoimmunity,” investigators wrote. “The role of sex hormones in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has been another possible explanation, particularly the influence of serum estrogen levels [33]. Notably, the pathophysiology of HAE nC1-INH is poorly understood but the role of sex hormones has been hypothesized, considering the higher prevalence of women living with HAE nC1-INH compared to men.”

Similarly, patient-reported allergies were 2 times greater than the general population (54% vs 27%) and asthma rates were nearly 2 times greater than the general population (17% vs 8 – 11%). For allergies, participants reported high rates of being allergic to medication, pollen, pets/dander, dust mites, and food. However, investigators noted that this finding could be overestimated since many patients with HAE are diagnosed with allergies first before being correctly diagnosed.

The study also found that patients with HAE also had increased mobility issues, which could be caused by the swelling of the extremitites.

“This study confirms that HAE patients suffer from more than just the symptoms of angioedema. HAE is a condition that appears to be associated with many comorbidities compared to the general population,” investigators concluded. “In particular, these include an increased risk of autoimmune conditions, allergies, and asthma, contributing to a less positive overall health status. It is important to increase awareness among physicians who care for HAE patients on the relationship between HAE and comorbidities, to optimize the care of these patients.”

Keith PK, Lacuesta G, Goodyear D, Betschel SD, Yap B, Dansereau MF, Tanios N, El-Sayegh R, Machnouk M, Mahfouz H, Martin A, Waserman S. Comorbidities in Canadian patients with hereditary angioedema: a quantitative survey study. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2025 Mar 19;21(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s13223-025-00953-8. PMID: 40108700; PMCID: PMC11924777.

Craig, T. Hereditary Angioedema Diagnosis Challenges, with Timothy Craig, DO. HCPLive. March 11, 2025. 

https://www.hcplive.com/view/hereditary-angioedema-diagnosis-challenges-timothy-craig-do

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Patients with hereditary angioedema report greater rates of autoimmune diseases, allergies, and asthma than the general population, highlighting key comorbidities.

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Hereditary Angioedema Patients Face High Rates of Autoimmune Conditions, Allergies

Welcome to The HCPFive, your go-to roundup for the latest healthcare news and breakthroughs, curated specifically for busy healthcare professionals.

Each week, we highlight 5 key developments or headlines from healthcare that you need to know—whether it's a cutting-edge treatment, regulatory updates, or innovations shaping the future of medicine. This week's top stories focused on new migraine guidelines from the American College of Physicians (ACP), the benefits of automated insulin delivery (AID) for insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes, and a trio of recent US Food and Drug Administration approvals for Crohn’s disease, C3 glomerulopathy, and transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM).

With The HCPFive, you'll get the essential takeaways to stay informed and ahead of the curve. Here’s your quick dive into the top stories for the week of March 16, 2025—let’s jump in!

Interested in oncology news? Check out The 

New ACP Guidelines Recommend Adding Triptan to NSAID or Acetaminophen for Migraines

New recommendations from the American College of Physicians (ACP) now recommend adding a triptan to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen to treat moderate to severe acute episodic migraine headaches. Based on the ACP’s evaluation of migraine pharmacologic treatments, this updated guideline recommends clinicians counsel their patients to initiate combination therapy urgently after the onset of an acute migraine headache.

Automated Insulin Delivery Effectively Lowers HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes

Automated insulin delivery (AID) with Tandem Diabetes Care’s Control-IQ+ technology led to a superior reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) than continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) alone in adults with insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes (T2D). At 13 weeks, the mean HbA1c levels decreased by 0.9% with AID and by 0.3% in the control group (

For further insight into the algorithm’s recent clearance, check out a recent 

 featuring Laurel Messer, PhD, RN, senior director of medical affairs at Tandem Diabetes Care.

FDA Approves Guselkumab (Tremfya) For Crohn's Disease

The FDA approved Johnson & Johnson’s guselkumab (Tremfya) for the treatment of adults with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease. According to data from multiple phase 3 trials, including the GALAXI trials, guselkumab outperformed ustekinumab (Stelara) on multiple endoscopic endpoints. Guselkumab now boasts indications for moderately to severely active Crohn's disease and moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC).

FDA Approves Oral Iptacopan (Fabhalta) as First C3 Glomerulopathy Therapy

The FDA approved Novartis’ oral iptacopan (Fabhalta) for the treatment of adults with C3 glomerulopathy (C3G), to reduce proteinuria, marking the first approval for the ultra-rare kidney disease. Based on data from the phase 3 APPEAR-C3G trial, iptacopan reduced the 24-hour urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) by 35.1% (

 =.0014), with sustained reductions at 12 months.

FDA Approves Vutrisiran (AMVUTTRA) for ATTR-CM

The FDA approved Alnylam’s supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) for vutrisiran (AMVUTTRA) for the treatment of adults with cardiomyopathy of wild-type or hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (ATTR-CM). With this expanded indication, vutrisiran becomes the first approved RNAi therapeutic targeted to reduce cardiovascular mortality, cardiovascular hospitalizations, and urgent heart failure visits in ATTR-CM.

Our top 5 headlines featured new migraine guidelines, the benefit of automated insulin delivery for type 2 diabetes, and 3 key FDA decisions.

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The HCPFive: Top News for Healthcare Providers from the Week of 03/16

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Role of IL-36 in GPP Pathogenesis and Treatment

Describe the role of the IL-36 pathway in the pathogenesis of GPP and how IL-36 inhibition can play a role in disease management.

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Panelists describe the role of the IL-36 pathway in the pathogenesis of  generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) and discuss how IL-36 inhibition can be a key strategy in managing the disease.

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Addressing the Psychosocial Aspects of GPP Management and the Role of Multidisciplinary Care

What is the role of multidisciplinary care in the management of GPP? How can dermatologists collaborate with primary care providers and other specialists to optimize patient outcomes?

What strategies can be used to address the psychosocial aspects of GPP management?

Panelists discuss the importance of multidisciplinary care in managing  generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP), including collaboration between dermatologists and other specialists, and explore strategies for addressing the psychosocial aspects of treatment to improve overall patient outcomes.

Victoria Johnson joined the MJH Life Sciences in 2020 and has written for NeurologyLive, CGTLive, and now HCPLive. You can reach her at vjohnson@mjhlifesciences.com

New research has found that bronchodilator responsiveness was highest in the morning and decreased throughout the day, potentially informing asthma testing strategies.

“Given what we know about how the risk of an asthma attack changes between night and day, we expected to find a difference in how people responded to the lung function test, but even so, we were surprised by the size of the effect,” lead investigator Ben Knox-Brown, PhD, Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom, said in a statement.

“This has potentially important implications. Doing the test in the morning would give a more reliable representation of a patient's response to the medication than doing it in the afternoon, which is important when confirming a diagnosis such as asthma.”

Knox-Brown and colleagues analyzed data from 1620 patients in CUH’s Electronic Patient Record Research and Innovation (ERIN) database referred between 2016 and 2023. They found that per 1-hour increment in the working day, the odds of having bronchodilator responsiveness declined by 8% (odds ratio [OR], 0.92; 95% CI, 0.88-0.97). When comparing morning to afternoon, participants also had reduced odds of bronchodilator responsiveness in the afternoon (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54-0.85). This association remained positive for patients referred for asthma/query asthma and was not seen in those reffered for other reasons. The investigators also found a significant interaction between referral reason and time of day (per 1-hour increment) on the odds of having a positive bronchodilator response (p value for likelihood ratio test <.001).

The investigators also looked at seasons and bronchodilator responsiveness and found that a greater proportion of patients tested in the winter had bronchodilator responsiveness compared with other seasons. Compared with those tested in winter, patients tested in autumn had significantly lower odds of having bronchodilator responsiveness but only for those with bronchodilator responsiveness according to the ATS/ERS 2005 definition (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.48-0.92).

“Our bodies have natural rhythms – our body clocks,” Jha said. “Throughout the day, the levels of different hormones in our bodies go up and down and our immune systems perform differently, for example. Any of these factors might affect how people respond to the lung function test,” investigator Akhilesh Jha, MBBS, Medical Research Council Clinician Scientist, University of Cambridge and Honorary Consultant in Respiratory Medicine at Cambridge University Hospital added.

“The idea that the time of day, or the season of the year, affects our health and how we respond to treatments is something we’re seeing increasing evidence of. We know, for example, that people respond differently to vaccinations depending on whether they’re administered in the morning or afternoon. The findings of our study further support this idea and may need to be taken into account when interpreting the results of these commonly performed tests,” Jha said.

The investigators noted that prospective studies should be conducted to confirm their findings with repeated measurements of the same individuals at different times of the day.

Knox-Brown B, Kon FC, Sylvester KP, Jha A. Effect of time of day and seasonal variation on bronchodilator responsiveness: the SPIRO-TIMETRY study. 

. Published online March 11, 2025. doi:10.1136/thorax-2024-222773

Routine asthma test more reliable in the morning and has seasonal effects. News release. University of Cambridge. March 12, 2025. https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/routine-asthma-test-more-reliable-in-the-morning-and-has-seasonal-effects

A new cross-sectional study found that the odds of having bronchodilator responsiveness declined by 8% per hour during the working day.

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Asthma Bronchodilator Tests May be More Reliable in the Morning

Bhatt previews 3 late-breaking clinical trials being presented at this year's American College of Cardiology Annual Scientific Sessions.

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Gerald Appel, MD, is a professor of clinical medicine, director of clinical nephrology, and director of the Glomerular Disease Center at Columbia University.

A trio of nephrology experts discuss the significance of iptacopan’s FDA approval as the first treatment for C3G.

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Expert Perspectives: Iptacopan FDA Approval for C3 Glomerulopathy

Tim Smith joined the MJH Life Sciences team as an assistant editor for HCPLive in August 2022. He graduated from UC Berkeley with a degree in political science, working in multimedia journalism as a staff writer prior to joining MJH. In his spare time, he enjoys reading, watching TV, listening to podcasts, and rock climbing. You can contact him at 

These data highlight differences and similarities among dermatologists globally in their decisions related to the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis.

Atopic Dermatitis

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Study Highlights Atopic Dermatitis Practices in Different Regions of the World

Counting down the most impactful news at major medical meetings, it’s the HCPLive Five! This episode focuses on 5 key allergy updates from the 2025 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAAI) annual meeting.


HCPLive Five – Allergy Updates at AAAAI 2025

By year 5, COPD exacerbations occurred in 81.3% of the PPV23 group and 23.6% of the PCV13 group. 

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PCV13 Pneumonia Vaccine Shows Longer Durability Over PPV23 in People With COPD

Craig Lammert, MD, is an associate professor of medicine at Indiana University School of Medicine and executive director for the Autoimmune Hepatitis Association. 

Lammert discusses the shifting landscape of treatment response metrics and the latest advancements in second-line therapy for PBC. 

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The Evolving Primary Biliary Cholangitis Landscape, with Craig Lammert, MD

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Mercedes Martinez, MD, is a professor of pediatrics and medicine, medical director of the intestinal transplant program at the Center for Liver Disease and Abdominal Organ Transplantation, and medical director of the pediatric abdominal organ transplantation program at NewYork-Presbyterian.

Martinez explains the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of pruritus in children with cholestatic liver disease as well as treatment options.

The Burden of Pruritus in Pediatric Cholestatic Liver Disease, with Mercedes Martinez, MD

Experts discuss the significance of using selective JAK1 inhibitors for atopic dermatitis (AD), noting their targeted action compared with nonselective JAK inhibitors, and how JAK1 selectivity enhances both the efficacy and safety of these agents in treating AD.

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JAK1 Selective Inhibition and the Impact of Selectivity on Efficacy and Safety

Experts discuss the JAK/STAT signaling pathway’s critical role in immune response, highlighting the involvement of JAK enzymes in atopic dermatitis (AD) pathogenesis and how JAK inhibitors effectively reduce itch and inflammation, improving symptoms and skin clearance in AD.

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Hereditary Angioedema Patients Face High Rates of Autoimmune Conditions, Allergies

The HCPFive: Top News for Healthcare Providers from the Week of 03/16

Role of IL-36 in GPP Pathogenesis and Treatment

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Asthma Bronchodilator Tests May be More Reliable in the Morning